a new look at the concept of the ultimate cause as viewed by aviccena and mulla sadra in terms of volitional acts

نویسندگان

حسین معصوم

استادیار گروه فلسفه، دانشکده فقه و فلسفه، پردیس قم، دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

one of the most important issues concerned with causation is that of ultimate cause. the ultimate in philosophy is used in two senses; one means: “something to which movement is directed”; the other means: “something for which movement takes place.” there are three theories with regand to “what is ultimate cause?” 1. the external existence of the ultimate of act; 2. the conception of the ultimate and the outcome of act; 3. eagerness for the ultimate and the outcome of act. one can point out: what needs the ultimate cause? triple question: are some volitional acts like those regarded as absurd as well as natural and divine acts based on the altimate cause?

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